RESEARCH PAPER
Long-term outcomes of treatment of upper limb infection management based on a predefined protocol
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Klinika Chirurgii Ogólnej i Chirurgii Ręki, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Szczecinie
Submission date: 2026-05-06
Final revision date: 2026-08-22
Acceptance date: 2026-09-11
Online publication date: 2026-10-08
Corresponding author
Andrzej Żyluk
Klinika Chirurgii Ogólnej i Chirurgii Ręki, Pomorski Uniwersytet Medyczny, ul. Rybacka 1, 70-204 Szczecin
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ABSTRACT
Background: Infections in the upper limb are a common problem in an outpatient practice. Most hand infections are not dangerous if they are early diagnosed and properly treated, but even a 1-2 day delay can cause serious complications, resulting in hand disability or amputation of the fingers. Objective: Presentation the clinical characteristics, methods and long-term treatment outcomes of patients with upper limb infections treated in the authors' institution. Material and methods: The results of treatment of 29 patients, 23 men and 6 women of a mean age of 53 years were presented. Treatment consisted in incision of the site of infection and antibiotic therapy. The follow-up assessment was performed after a mean of 3,5 years (range 1-8 years) from the completion of treatment. Pain, finger range of motion, grip strength and dexterity of the hand were evaluated. Results: The most common causes of infection were Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. In 3 patients, the infection caused necrosis of the finger and the need for amputation. At a 3.5 years follow-up examination, most patients had no pain, had full or almost full finger movement, , grip strength of 95% of the strength of healthy hand and good hand function. Only 3 patients had a significant loss of hand function. Conclusions: Proper management at the first contact of the patient with the doctor is a prerequisite for a good treatment result. Incision and evacuation of pus or inflammatory fluid is the best way to control the infection. Delay in surgical treatment can be the reason for complications and impaired function of the hand.