Malaria is uncommon in Poland, and delayed diagnosis may occur because of its low incidence and nonspecific clinical manifestations, especially in the case of Plasmodium malariae, where symptoms can appear years after exposure. Both Plasmodium spp. and HIV can cause kidney injury, and patients with co-infections can have a higher risk of severe disease. We describe the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of Plasmodium spp./HIV co-infection in a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) in a non-endemic country. The paper presents a case of a 47-year-old Cameroonian woman who was admitted to the hospital for infectious diseases due to severe generalized oedema, asthenia, and mild lateral abdominal pain. Laboratory investigations revealed anaemia and impaired renal function with eGFR < 30 ml/min./1.73m2. Malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) was positive, and blood smear demonstrated Plasmodium malariae with low parasitemia of 0.39%. Subsequent Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) revealed two species – Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. The patient has not left Poland for the past two years, therefore has probably acquired malaria back in Cameroon. Treatment with artesunate and doxycycline was started. Screening also revealed previously undiagnosed HIV infection, with a low CD4+ T-cell count of 200 cells/μL suggestive of late HIV diagnosis. Antiretroviral therapy was initiated and had to be adjusted to the renal parameters. Despite treatment, renal function deteriorated, with proteinuria reaching 40 g/24 h, and progressive oedema impeded the kidney biopsy. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in gradual improvement of oedema and stabilization of renal function. Subsequently, the patient was lost to follow-up. Conclusions. Clinicians should include Plasmodium spp., HIV, and potential co-infection in the differential diagnosis of unexplained renal dysfunction in patients with a history of residence in endemic regions. Additionally, the barriers to healthcare faced by migrant patients should be addressed.