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RESEARCH PAPER
Google Trends Analysis of Public Awareness Levels for Influenza and Acute Respiratory Infections in Indonesia
 
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Department of General Medicine, Nusa Medika Clinic, Indonesia
 
 
Submission date: 2026-01-08
 
 
Final revision date: 2026-05-23
 
 
Acceptance date: 2026-06-26
 
 
Online publication date: 2026-08-03
 
 
Corresponding author
Muhammad Luthfi Adnan   

Department of General Medicine, Nusa Medika Clinic, Bekasi Regency, Indonesia
 
 
 
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ABSTRACT
Background: Google Trends (GT) has been widely used in public health for surveillance in the Big Data era. Although it is one of the most common respiratory tract infections, the rising trend of influenza cases in October 2025 requires vigilance from Indonesia health policymakers. Objective: This study aims to analyze public awareness of influenza infection compared to acute respiratory infections (ARIs) based on GT. Material and methods: Google Relative Search Volume (RSV) were performed using keywords in Bahasa Indonesia with for the influenza topic include "Influenza" + "gejala influenza" + "terapi influenza" + "obat influenza" and the keywords for ARI topic include "ISPA" + "gejala ISPA" + "terapi ISPA" + "obat ISPA" for ARI. RSV score then analyzed based on the western and eastern Indonesia region and compared with official influenza report. A p-value <0.05 indicates significant results. Results: Although there was an increasing trend of influenza scores in October 2025 which were higher than ARI scores, the average ARI score was higher than influenza scores (58.88±20.5 vs 42.91±15.33; p < 0.0001). Google Trends influenza and ARI are positively correlated with the number of officially reported influenza cases. Based on geography, the Western region had a higher influenza score than the Eastern region (45.85±16.92 vs 38.15±11.37; p = 0.158), while ARI scores were found to be higher in the Eastern region than in the Western region (77.00±18.76 vs 47.66±11.71; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Changes in Google Trends keyword trends for influenza and ARI in Indonesia may be influenced by officially reported influenza cases. There remains a gap in public awareness across Indonesia regarding both topics. Government and health policy holders need to increase public awareness of the spread of influenza infections and prevent future outbreaks.
eISSN:2545-1898
ISSN:0033-2100
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