Background: In 2023, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), 10.8 million people worldwide developed tuberculosis. Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in the countries of the EU/EEA. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Poland in 2023 by comparing it with the situation in EU and EEA countries. Material and methods: Analysis of cases registered in the National Tuberculosis Register in 2023 and drug susceptibility testing results; data from Statistics Poland on deaths due to tuberculosis in 2023; data from the NIZP PZH – PIB on tuberculosis cases as an AIDS-defining condition; and the ECDC report on tuberculosis in EU/EEA countries in 2023. Results: In 2023, 4,436 cases of tuberculosis were registered in Poland. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 4,265 individuals (96.1% of all cases), 11.3 per 100,000 population. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 171 cases (3.9% of all cases). Bacteriological confirmation was obtained in 3,460 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (81.1%), with a notification rate of 9.2 per 100,000. Cases of foreign origin accounted for 7.9%. MDR-TB was diagnosed in 99 patients (3.1% of cases with drug susceptibility results); three individuals had isolated rifampicin resistance. Tuberculosis notification rates increased with age. In 2023, 51 cases of tuberculosis were reported among children aged under 14 years and 62 cases among adolescents aged 15-19 years, corresponding to rates of 0.9 and 3.3 per 100,000, respectively. The notification rate among men was three times higher than among women. Foreign nationals accounted for 7.9% of cases. Tuberculosis was the cause of death in 483 individuals. Conclusions: In 2023, tuberculosis notification rates in Poland were 3.5% higher than in 2022. The proportion of MDR-TB cases was lower than in EU/EEA countries. The proportion of children aged under 14 years among all tuberculosis patients in Poland was 1.1%, compared with 4.5% in EU/EEA countries. Tuberculosis mortality in Poland has not decreased.